PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM KORBAN INTIMIDASI DAN TERORPINJAMAN ONLINE ILEGAL: KAJIAN PASAL PIDANA

Abstrak

 The rapid development of digital financial services has contributed to the proliferation of illegal online lending practices accompanied by intimidation, psychological terror, and the unlawful dissemination of borrowers’ personal data. This phenomenon poses serious threats to
human rights, personal security, and public order. This study aims to analyze the scope of criminal law protection for victims of intimidation and harassment perpetrated by illegal online lending operators, as well as to examine the effectiveness of existing legal instruments in addressing such
practices. The research employs a normative legal approach by reviewing statutory regulations, legal doctrines, and relevant scholarly literature, particularly the provisions of the Indonesian Criminal Code, the Law on Electronic Information and Transactions, and the Consumer Protection Law. The findings indicate that, from a normative perspective, Indonesian criminal law provides a sufficient legal basis to prosecute perpetrators of illegal online lending. However, in practice, victim protection remains ineffective due to the absence of specific regulations, limited capacity of law enforcement authorities in handling organized digital crimes, and victims’ reluctance to report incidents because of fear of further intimidation. Therefore, this study emphasizes the urgency of strengthening regulatory frameworks, enhancing inter-agency coordination, and adopting a victim-oriented approach focused on protection and recovery to ensure justice and legal certainty in addressing
illegal online lending practices